Reading material for Lesson 1.4 Characteristics of good Instruction and common defects in Instruction
3. Elements of Vocational Training:
Important elements of Vocational Training are:
• Knowledge
• Skill
• Attitude and Productivity.
Knowledge: Knowledge is gaining of information. For acquiring skill, one must have thorough knowledge about the skill. Knowledge is classified in to three types. (Fig 1)
1 Must know knowledge: This is essential information or knowledge that is very much necessary to perform the skill, without this it is quite impossible to initiate the work.
2 Should know knowledge: This is additional information or knowledge that will enable the trainees to do their work in a better way.
3 Could know knowledge: This is some more information but it is required for updating of the individuals. It will also improve the efficiency and productivity.
• Skill: Skill is an ability or capacity or expertness to perform a particular job. For performing any operation one must have skill, which is required to be performed in a systematic manner. For example, before stitching of a garment, the cloth should be cut first as per the measurements and then stitched. The skill, which the trainer has, must be transferred to the trainees. Vocational training helps an individual to acquire job related skill. Basic skill comprises of the following factors:
- Improper evaluation.
- Inadequate human relationship.
Defects in the personality
- Instructors do unnecessary action while teaching.
- Instructor gets nervous.
- Bad mannerisms.
- Over confidence.
- Lack of interest/ambition.
- Physical defect/lack of mental alertness.
- Lack of manipulation ability.
Inadequate preparation
- The syllabus may not be analysed properly.
- Not understanding the main objectives of the course.
- Improper planning in preparation and use of taining aids.
• Accuracy
• Speed
• Workmanship
• Concentration
• Method
• Economy
• Proper attitude
• Technique and
• Coordination.
- Lack of knowledge in the subject.
- Irrelevent written instruction materials.
- Unable to organize the method of learner involvement.
Improper method of presentation
• Attitude: It is a way of thinking, doing, and behaving.
In educational term 'attitude' is defined as a learned tendency to evaluate things in proper way. Cultivating of positive attitude towards learning among the trainees is one of the important elements of vocational training. Unless the trainees are ready to learn they will lack interest. This state of mind is possible only when the trainees have qualities like initiative, enthusiasm, coordination, punctuality, self-control, willpower, judgment, promptness, speed, understanding, etc. These good qualities of an individual are part of the Attitude. For performing any kind of work, positive attitude towards the work is important.
• Productivity: Productivity is the tendency of making products. It is the amount of output per unit of input by means of man, machine, and materials. After training in vocational skills, a trainee must be able to do job in their related trade to get productivity. Higher productivity can be achieved only with the help of the
'skill and will'.